Table of Contents
- 1 What happens to the original DNA strands after replication?
- 2 What happens to the original strand of DNA?
- 3 What is the role of the DNA strand in telomere replenishing?
- 4 How do DNA strands replicate?
- 5 Where does the DNA strand separate?
- 6 Why does one strand of DNA replicate as a continuous strand and the other in fragments?
- 7 What is the role of DNA ligase in the elongation of the lagging strand during DNA replication?
- 8 When DNA replicates each strand of the original DNA molecules is used as a template for the synthesis of a second?
- 9 Which is the first step in DNA replication?
- 10 How are DNA helices produced during DNA replication?
- 11 How does the lagging strand of DNA begin replication?
What happens to the original DNA strands after replication?
This is why DNA replication is described as semi-conservative, half of the chain is part of the original DNA molecule, half is brand new. Following replication the new DNA automatically winds up into a double helix.
What happens to the original strand of DNA?
The original strand is referred to as the template strand because it provides the information, or template, for the newly synthesized strand. One double stranded DNA molecule, when replicated, will become two double-stranded molecules, each containing one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.
What is the role of DNA replication?
DNA replication is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. Replication is an essential process because, whenever a cell divides, the two new daughter cells must contain the same genetic information, or DNA, as the parent cell.
What is the role of the DNA strand in telomere replenishing?
The ends of the linear chromosomes are known as telomeres: repetitive sequences that code for no particular gene. These telomeres protect the important genes from being deleted as cells divide and as DNA strands shorten during replication. Telomerase adds complementary RNA bases to the 3′ end of the DNA strand.
How do DNA strands replicate?
Replication occurs in three major steps: the opening of the double helix and separation of the DNA strands, the priming of the template strand, and the assembly of the new DNA segment. Finally, a special enzyme called DNA polymerase organizes the assembly of the new DNA strands.
When DNA replicates each strand of the original?
When DNA replicates, each strand of the original DNA molecule is used as a template for the synthesis of a second, complementary strand.
Where does the DNA strand separate?
Replication Fork
DNA replication proteins Also known as helix destabilizing enzyme. Helicase separates the two strands of DNA at the Replication Fork behind the topoisomerase. The enzyme responsible for catalyzing the addition of nucleotide substrates to DNA in the 5′ to 3′ direction during DNA replication.
Why does one strand of DNA replicate as a continuous strand and the other in fragments?
This strand is made continuously, because the DNA polymerase is moving in the same direction as the replication fork. This strand is made in fragments because, as the fork moves forward, the DNA polymerase (which is moving away from the fork) must come off and reattach on the newly exposed DNA.
What are telomeres and why are they important how does telomerase play a role?
Telomeres are repetitive nucleotide sequences at each end of chromosomes. Their function is to protect the ends of the chromosomes from deterioration or fusion to other chromosomes during cell division. An enzyme called telomerase is responsible for maintaining the length of telomeres.
What is the role of DNA ligase in the elongation of the lagging strand during DNA replication?
What is the role of DNA ligase in the elongation of the lagging strand during DNA replication? It joins Okazaki fragments together. An enzyme that joins RNA nucleotides to make the primer using the parental DNA strand as a template.
When DNA replicates each strand of the original DNA molecules is used as a template for the synthesis of a second?
complementary strand
DNA replication is semiconservative, meaning that each strand in the DNA double helix acts as a template for the synthesis of a new, complementary strand. This process takes us from one starting molecule to two “daughter” molecules, with each newly formed double helix containing one new and one old strand.
What is the role of helicase?
Helicases are enzymes that bind and may even remodel nucleic acid or nucleic acid protein complexes. DNA helicases are essential during DNA replication because they separate double-stranded DNA into single strands allowing each strand to be copied.
Which is the first step in DNA replication?
1)The first major step for the DNA Replication to take place is the breaking of hydrogen bonds between bases of the two antiparallel strands. The unwounding of the two strands is the starting point.
How are DNA helices produced during DNA replication?
DNA replication is the production of identical DNA helices from a single double-stranded DNA molecule. Each molecule consists of a strand from the original molecule and a newly formed strand. Prior to replication, the DNA uncoils and strands separate.
Why is the end of the parental strand not replicated?
So, the end of the parental strand where the last primer binds isn’t replicated. These ends of linear (chromosomal) DNA consists of noncoding DNA that contains repeat sequences and are called telomeres. As a result, a part of the telomere is removed in every cycle of DNA Replication.
How does the lagging strand of DNA begin replication?
The lagging strand begins replication by binding with multiple primers. Each primer is only several bases apart. DNA polymerase then adds pieces of DNA, called Okazaki fragments, to the strand between primers.