Table of Contents
- 1 How does a cell make process and export a protein?
- 2 How do cells distribute proteins?
- 3 What are the basic steps of protein synthesis?
- 4 How do cells make proteins step by step?
- 5 Where are proteins synthesized?
- 6 Where does the export of proteins take place?
- 7 How are proteins made in the cytoplasm of the cell?
How does a cell make process and export a protein?
The RNA that is made during transcription moves out a nuclear pore of the nuclear membrane. Once in the cytoplasm the mRNA undergoes translation. During translation, RNA (mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA), ribosomes, and nucleic acids work together to make proteins.
How do cells distribute proteins?
As almost all proteins are coded by nuclear DNA and translated in ribosomes located in the cytosolic space surrounding the nucleus, newly synthesized proteins have to be delivered to their respective locations in the cell.
What is used to export proteins from the cell?
IB BIOLOGY FALL FINAL REVIEW
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What route is used to export proteins from the cell? | Rough endoplasmic reticulum → Golgi apparatus → plasma membrane |
| What is a difference between cohesion and adhesion? | c:water to water a:water to other substances |
| Compare osmosis and diffusion | both passive; d: particles o:water |
Where are proteins exported from the cell?
In prokaryotes, protein export is defined as the delivery of the protein to the inner membrane or the periplasmic space. This process is conserved in eukaryotes and is exemplified by the delivery of proteins to the membrane and lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum.
What are the basic steps of protein synthesis?
It includes three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. After the mRNA is processed, it carries the instructions to a ribosome in the cytoplasm. Translation occurs at the ribosome, which consists of rRNA and proteins.
How do cells make proteins step by step?
Protein synthesis is the process in which cells make proteins. It occurs in two stages: transcription and translation. Transcription is the transfer of genetic instructions in DNA to mRNA in the nucleus. It includes three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination.
How does protein synthesis work?
Where are proteins made?
Ribosomes
Ribosomes are the sites where proteins are synthesised. The transcription process where the code of the DNA is copied occurs in nucleus but the main process of translating that code to form other protein occurs in ribosomes.
Where are proteins synthesized?
Ribosomes are the sites in a cell in which protein synthesis takes place.
Where does the export of proteins take place?
Protein export is a process whereby protein that has been manufactured in a cell is routed to the surface of the cell. Export of proteins occurs in all microorganisms , but has been particularly well-studied in certain species of bacteria and yeast .
What are the side effects of protein export?
Protein export. Defects in protein export can produce or contribute to a number of maladies in eukaryotic cells including human cells (e.g., cystic fibrosis, diabetes, osteopororsis). A general feature of protein export is the manufacture of a protein destined for secretion in a slightly longer form than the exported form of the protein.
How does protein export occur in Gram negative bacteria?
An enzyme associated with the outer surface of the membrane can snip off the precursor. This process is sufficient for protein export in Gramnegative bacteria that have the single membrane. However, in Gram-negative bacteria the protein must be transported across the periplasm and the outer membrane before being truly exported.
How are proteins made in the cytoplasm of the cell?
Once in the cytoplasm the mRNA undergoes translation. During translation, RNA (mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA), ribosomes, and nucleic acids work together to make proteins. Once the proteins are made via protein synthesis, they need to undergo processing to become either primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary structures.