Table of Contents
Is Pasteurella multocida fastidious?
Cultures of draining wounds and especially cultures taken intraoperatively are most likely to yield a specific diagnosis of Pasteurella infection. The organism can be somewhat fastidious and sometimes confused with other bacteria such as Haemophilus species or Moraxella.
What kind of bacteria is Pasteurella?
Pasteurella are small gram-negative coccobacilli that are primarily commensals or pathogens of animals. However, these organisms can cause a variety of infections in humans, usually as a result of cat scratches, or cat or dog bites or licks.
Is Pasteurella multocida a Gram stain?
Pasteurella multocida is a small, gram-negative, nonmotile, non–spore-forming coccobacillus with bipolar staining features. The bacteria typically appear as single bacilli on Gram stain; however, pairs and short chains can also be seen.
Is Pasteurella a bacillus?
The first was Pasteurella pestis (the plague bacillus), which was isolated and described almost simultaneously by Kitasato and by Yersin in 1894. This organism is primarily a pathogen of the rat (one of a select group of acute bacterial pathogens for this host).
Do humans have Pasteurella?
Pasteurellosis is relatively uncommon. There are around 600 laboratory confirmed cases reported in humans each year in England and Wales, of which about 70% are due to P. multocida. Most of these cases occur in people over 50 years of age.
How is Pasteurella treated in humans?
In most cases, children are treated with oral amoxicillin clavulanate because the exact cause of the cellulitis may not be known. If a culture shows the infection is caused by Pasteurella, oral penicillin can be used. Most infections require a 7- to 10-day dose of antibacterials, occasionally longer.
Can a human get Pasteurella?
Disease in humans The most common manifestation of pasteurellosis in humans is a local wound infection, usually following an animal bite or scratch. This can develop into a serious soft tissue infection, and can also be complicated by abscesses, septic arthritis and osteomyelitis.
Can Pasteurella be cured?
Symptomatic pasteurella infection is usually treated with antibiotics for 14-30 days; commonly used antibiotics include include enrofloxacin (Baytril), trimethoprim sulfa, and ciprofloxacin.
How is Pasteurella multocida treated in humans?
The treatment of choice for P multocida infections has typically been with penicillin. However, rare penicillin-resistant P multocida strains in human infections have been described. In these cases, second- and third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines are recommended for treatment.
Can Pasteurella cause pneumonia?
Most patients with Pasteurella pulmonary infection are elderly with underlying lung disease, either COPD, bronchiectasis, or malignancy. The spectrum of disease includes pneumonia, tracheobronchitis, lung abscess, and empyema.
Is Pasteurella a virus?
Pasteurellosis is a zoonotic disease. It is caused by infection with bacteria of the Pasteurella genus. Pasteurella multocida is the most commonly reported organism in this group, and is well known as both a common commensal (part of the normal bacterial flora) and pathogen in a variety of animal species.
What kind of infections does the Pasteurella cause?
Pasteurella are gram-negative coccobacilli that inhabit the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract of many animals and cause various infectious problems, including septicemia and pneumonia. In humans, infection is most often caused by dog and cat bites resulting in cellulitis, subcutaneous abscesses, and a number of other syndromes.
Which is a classic case of Pasteurella multocida?
This material was originally released as 2015 CPIP J Case 10: Microbiology – A Classic Case of Pasteurella multocida. Cases of cellulitis and deeper soft tissue infections are attributed to breaching of the protective skin barrier by bacterial organisms.
Are there any drugs that are resistant to Pasteurella?
Pasteurella spp. are often resistant to first-generation cephalosporins, erythromycin, and clindamycin18. There are rare reports of tetracycline resistance. Susceptibility testing can be performed to further define therapeutic options in more serious cases.
How big are the cells in a Pasteurella?
Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Pasteurellales / Pasteurellaceae / Pasteurella Coccobacilli or rods, generally, 0.3–1.0 × 1.0–2.0 µm. Depending on the growth stage, cells occur singly, in pairs, or less frequently in short chains.