Table of Contents
How sugars phosphates and bases come together?
DNA and RNA are composed of nucleotides that are linked to one another in a chain by chemical bonds, called ester bonds, between the sugar base of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of the adjacent nucleotide. The sugar is the 3′ end, and the phosphate is the 5′ end of each nucleiotide.
What do bases bond to sugar or phosphate?
The sugar and phosphate group make up the backbone of the DNA double helix, while the bases are located in the middle. A chemical bond between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the sugar of a neighboring nucleotide holds the backbone together.
When A nitrogen base is found attached to A sugar then it is called?
Nitrogenous bases present in the DNA can be grouped into two categories: purines (Adenine (A) and Guanine (G)), and pyrimidine (Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T)). These nitrogenous bases are attached to C1′ of deoxyribose through a glycosidic bond. Deoxyribose attached to a nitrogenous base is called a nucleoside.
Which is an example of the sugar phosphate backbone?
Example Question #1 : Understanding The Sugar Phosphate Backbone. The bases bind to one other via hydrogen bonding to secure the nucleotide to the template strand. The protein DNA ligase then fuses the sugar-phosphate groups of adjacent nucleotides to create the DNA backbone. These bonds are known as phosphodiester bonds.
What are the bonds between sugar and phosphate in DNA?
The bonds that hold the sugar to the phosphate group is known as “ 5′–3′ Phosphodiester linkage” The numbers 5 and 3 refer to the carbon atom that is bonded to each other. In this case, the 5th C atom of the sugar bonds with the 3rd C atom of the phosphate.
Where does the energy for the phosphate backbone come from?
The other remarkable thing about phosphate backbones is the energy for producing the DNA polymer comes from the phosphate itself. So when DNA is synthesized, there is an ATP, an energy molecule, that’s part of the phosphate backbone that is used to link the DNA together.
How is the backbone of DNA held together?
Bases are held together by hydrogen bonds, and the DNA backbone is held together by phosphodiester bonds. A __________ bond between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of an adjacent nucleotide stabilizes the backbone of the DNA.