Table of Contents
When was DDT used in Africa?
South Africa reintroduced DDT for indoor spraying in 2000 and has kept cases of and deaths from malaria at all time lows since then and is moving towards elimination of malaria.
When was DDT banned in South Africa?
1974
DDT was banned for general use in South Africa in 1974, but limited use of DDT to combat malaria continued in the northeastern part of South Africa until 1995, and resumed in 2000 (Wells and Leonard, 2006) following an increase in the incidence of malaria in the northwestern parts of the country (Fig.
When did we start using DDT?
1940s
DDT (dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane) was developed as the first of the modern synthetic insecticides in the 1940s. It was initially used with great effect to combat malaria, typhus, and the other insect-borne human diseases among both military and civilian populations.
When was DDT heavily used?
DDT was heavily used in Italy during and after World War II. The first such use came in 1943 by the United States to control a typhus outbreak in Naples.
What countries still use DDT 2020?
Production, use, and management DDT is currently being produced in three countries: India, China, and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK; North Korea) (Table 1). By far the largest amounts are produced in India for the purpose of disease vector control.
Does South Africa still use DDT?
Although banned in many countries, DDT continues to be used for residual indoor spraying (IRS) for disease vector control, mainly malaria, in a number of countries, including South Africa.
Why is DDT commonly used in South Africa?
In South Africa, as in several other developing countries, the use of the powerful insecticide DDT is allowed for malaria control in high-risk areas such as KwaZulu-Natal and Limpopo. According to the Limpopo Malaria Control Programme, this area has been sprayed with DDT annually since 1966.
What was DDT banned?
The United States banned the use of DDT in 1972. Some countries outside the United States still use DDT to control of mosquitoes that spread malaria. DDT and its related chemicals persist for a long time in the environment and in animal tissues.
When did they start using DDT in South Africa?
South Africa made the decision to bring back DDT in the year 2000, after a four-year hiatus in its use, during which time the malaria cases and death rates surged in the worst epidemic in the country’s history. In 1996, South Africa had substituted a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide for DDT,…
When was DDT banned in the United States?
A malaria control worker in protective mask and clothing sprays DDT in a hut in South Africa’s KwaZulu-Natal province. Insecticide-laden bed nets are distributed in malaria-prone villages in South Africa. The United States banned DDT in 1972 and environmental groups are trying to outlaw the pesticide worldwide.
Why is DDT used to control mosquitoes?
The Convention includes a limited exemption for the use of DDT to control mosquitoes that transmit the microbe that causes malaria – a disease that still kills millions of people worldwide.
Is the DDT fight still on in Kenya?
In Kenya, the DDT fight is still on, with the director of Kenya’s premier research institute, KEMRI, taking a strong stand for the use of DDT, and another research institute, the International Center of Insect Physiology and Ecology, taking the anti-DDT, environmentalist view.